1 25 2 https://omeka.utrgv.edu/files/original/513455241e0172ef4e0b4d9c0bcc865d.pdf d71dc03383c9d5c072ca300d447673c2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource No. 234 American Consulate, H. Matamoros, Mexico, January 26, 1916 to Secretary of State, page 1 of 4. Subject The topic of the resource lynching, Mexican-Americans, Tejanos, la mantanza Description An account of the resource Account of the Mexicanos and Tejanos killed during La Mantanza. Frank C. Pierce was an attorney in Brownsville, who partially documented the lynchings and murders. Transcription follows: <pre>No. 234 American Consulate H. Matamoros, Mexico, January 26, 1916 Subject: List of Names of Dead Mexicans The Honorable The Secretary of State, Washington. Sir: I have the honor to enclose herewith a copy in triplicate of a report made by Mr. Frank C. Pierce a Lawyer who resides at Brownsville Texas of some of the Mexicans killed in the bandit uprising in the Rio Grand Valley in Texas during 1915. Mr. Pierce is an old settler in Brownsville Tex. and a man well posted and speaks the Spanish language fluently. This statement is thought to be practically correct. He informs me that he will be able to get many more soon. There were many killed whose names will never be known. I have the honor to be, Sir: Your obedient servant [signature] American Consul Enclosures as stated</pre> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived “Partial List of Mexicans Killed in the Valley Since July 1, 1915,” compiled by Frank C. Pierce, Brownsville, TX. Records of the Department of State Relating to the Internal Affairs of Mexico, 1910-1929, National Archives, Microfilm Publication, M274, vol. 51, File No. 812/17186. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1915–1916 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource American Consul, Matamoros (Mex.) https://omeka.utrgv.edu/files/original/00eafc7f6e0779058508eba12f8b4d21.pdf 4069c115f27a45f2896078ecacb6201b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource No. 234 American Consulate, H. Matamoros, Mexico, January 26, 1916 to Secretary of State, page 2 of 4. Subject The topic of the resource lynching, Mexican-Americans, Tejanos, la mantanza Description An account of the resource Account of the Mexicanos and Tejanos killed during La Mantanza. Frank C. Pierce was an attorney in Brownsville, who partially documented the lynchings and murders. Transcription follows: <div class="exhibit-block layout-file-text"> <pre>Partial List of Mexicans Killed in Valley Since July 1st, 1915</pre> <pre>XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX</pre> <pre>Lorenzo Manriquez killed by Sheriff Stokes Chaddick, near Mercedes Canal. Denounced by Florencio Saenz, who said that Manriquez was one of those who had assaul- ted his ranch in the former year. Chaddick said that Manriquez resisted arrest, July 25, 1915.</pre> <pre>Gregorio Manriquez brother of Lorenzo, killed in Mercedes pro- per by Inspect of Customs J.D. White, who said that Manriquez resisted arrest. Denounced by the same Saenz July 24, 1915.</pre> <pre>Rodolfo Muñiz, taken from automobile near San Benito on the 29th day of July and hung. Coming with him were the Sheriffs Frank Carr and Daniel Hinojosa. They said that Muñiz had taken part on the former year, in the killing of a man named Rown.</pre> <pre>Desiderio Flores, Father, Paso Real- ) Desiderio Flores, hijo, Paso Real ) Antonio Flores Paso Real )</pre> <pre>Jesus Garcia, in battle at Norias. ) Mauricio Garcia, in battle at Norias ) Amado Muñiz, buthcher [sic] of Matamoros, in battle at Norias ) Aug. 8th ………… in battle at Norias. ) ………… in battle at Norias . )</pre> <pre>Tomas or Juan Aguilar, near Lyford in August Jesus Basan brother in law of Antonio Longoria killed near Del Fina or Defina, Hidalgo County Antonio Longoria, near Delfina Hidalgo County between Delfina and Guadalupe. 5 in McAllen’s Ranch in Hidalgo County, killed by J.B. McAllen of Brownsville, McAllen promised me the names, but I have not them on hand.</pre> </div> <div class="exhibit-block layout-file-text"> <div class="exhibit-items left fullsize captions-center"></div> </div> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource American Consul, Matamoros (Mex.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived “Partial List of Mexicans Killed in the Valley Since July 1, 1915,” compiled by Frank C. Pierce, Brownsville, TX. Records of the Department of State Relating to the Internal Affairs of Mexico, 1910-1929, National Archives, Microfilm Publication, M274, vol. 51, File No. 812/17186. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1915–1916 https://omeka.utrgv.edu/files/original/2e320669bac3eea2fa71543f9d133cdb.pdf 3f9f89dffabd6e1bdae34352347e4ed8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource No. 234 American Consulate, H. Matamoros, Mexico, January 26, 1916 to Secretary of State, page 3of 4. Subject The topic of the resource lynching, Mexican-Americans, Tejanos, la mantanza Description An account of the resource Account of the Mexicanos and Tejanos killed during La Mantanza. Frank C. Pierce was an attorney in Brownsville, who partially documented the lynchings and murders. Transcription follows: <pre>Margarito Buenrostro killed near Lyford in September Trinidad Ybarra ) These were executed near the derailed Manuel Ybarra ) train, on October 17th 1915, Capt. Ramson [sic] Santiago Salas ) and his deputies to them prisoners and Severo Garcia ) later executed them. Alejos Vela ) These three were killed by Frank Carr and Angel Rincones ) Daniel Hinojosa near Harlingen. They said Ignacio Rivera ) they intended to escape, taken prisoners September 13th, at Galveston Ranch.</pre> <pre>Ygnacio Cavazoz, Lyford Modesto Dominguez near Lyford Manuel Flores, Tanquecitos Librado Garza of Mission Francisco Loya, These three were killed, but I am not sure Juan de los Santos if in Texas or in Mexico Pedro Longoria</pre> <pre>Felipe Falcon captured by a soldier near las Yescas ranch Sam Robertson, delivered to soldiers and afterwards taken by rangers Andres Leon, killed by shots from the American side, Andres being in Mexico, Oct. 20th Pablo Perez / Las Norias, some time [sic] after the battle. Martin Rivas a girl of 14 years, daughter of Cenovio Rivas near Los Fresnos, September 22nd. Abraham Salinas near Lyford Guadalupe Treviño, Mercedes, August 15, 1915 Eusebio Hernandez (half brother of Guadalupe Saldaña, who is Carrancista soldier in Matamoros) in El Sauz ranch, for having given refuge to bandits.</pre> <pre>Juan Tovar, Las Norias, November 1915. He was brought a prisoner from Banquete, Texas</pre> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource American Consul, Matamoros (Mex.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived “Partial List of Mexicans Killed in the Valley Since July 1, 1915,” compiled by Frank C. Pierce, Brownsville, TX. Records of the Department of State Relating to the Internal Affairs of Mexico, 1910-1929, National Archives, Microfilm Publication, M274, vol. 51, File No. 812/17186. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1915–1916 https://omeka.utrgv.edu/files/original/cf1e64bcae76b07b22302f23f5c5138c.pdf 521b912534318c87eb916bdbbd378e7a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource No. 234 American Consulate, H. Matamoros, Mexico, January 26, 1916 to Secretary of State, page 4 of 4. Subject The topic of the resource lynching, Mexican-Americans, Tejanos, la mantanza Description An account of the resource Account of the Mexicanos and Tejanos killed during La Mantanza. Frank C. Pierce was an attorney in Brownsville, who partially documented the lynchings and murders. Transcription follows: <pre>One killed by Americans near Sebastian, November 10, 1915 I don’t know the name. Andres Villanueva Zamora, Mercedes, August 16, 1915 In September, the rangers killed 14 Mexicans, near Dona [sic] one of them being the clerk of Sawthhorne, the waiter of Pxxx Pharr, and another storekeeper of Phar, I have never tried to get the names but I am doing every thing [sic] possible to get them. But of certain is that they were killed, for I talked with a gentleman who saw them when they were giving such an offensive smell that it was impossible to get near to them. Catarino Rodriguez, Los Norias, a month after the battle Juan Sanchez, Las Norias a month after the battle Gregorio Cantú, Las Norias, two months after the battle Refugio Perez, Lyford, Sept? 17, 1915, by Edwards, Mayfield, etc. Alberto Cantú same as above Jose Maria Cantú son of Modesto Cantú, Mercedes Manuel Estapa, taken from Grangeno Juan Nepomuceno Rodriguez, brother of Leandro, dragged with wire around neck by auto and then shot to death Ernesto Ramos wound by rangers near Sebastian Francisco Bocanegra killed near Sebastian by rangers Perez at Ojo de Agua in battle or assault Norberto Pecina, near San Benito in the month of October Alejandro Villareal, between Lyford and Sebastian, in the month of October Juan Nieto, Captured at Lyford, taken to his home at Las Norias, where he was executed, in the month of October, I ignore the persons who killed these men although I have an idea who they were.</pre> Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource American Consul, Matamoros (Mex.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived “Partial List of Mexicans Killed in the Valley Since July 1, 1915,” compiled by Frank C. Pierce, Brownsville, TX. Records of the Department of State Relating to the Internal Affairs of Mexico, 1910-1929, National Archives, Microfilm Publication, M274, vol. 51, File No. 812/17186. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available National Archives Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1915–1916 https://omeka.utrgv.edu/files/original/2e166b8a26d79301276f3171b0f4fbc7.jpg dda40e79ff5cb206b1c63273059df98c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Texas Rangers on horse back posing with victims Subject The topic of the resource lynching, Mexican Americans violence against--Mexicanos Texas Rangers Norias Ranch Raid Description An account of the resource Following a raid by alleged "Mexican bandits" who derailed a train outside of Brownsville, seven suspects were captured by Texas Rangers and four were shot as a result of summary justice. At left rides Texas Ranger captain J. M. Fox. Credit: The Robert Runyon Photograph Collection, RUN00097, The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robert Runyon Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/briscoe_center/6077735468/in/photostream/"></a><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/briscoe_center/albums/72157627509257272">U.S. - Mexican Border Conflict, 1913-1916</a><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/briscoe_center/6077735468/in/photostream/">, Robert Runyon Photograph Collection via Doph Brisco Center on Flickr</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, University of Texas at Austin Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1915 https://omeka.utrgv.edu/files/original/7f64a67da5ff0ba900493dbb6ab0669d.jpg c2ad14b075e3f2b72e136062c5d70c29 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Matanza of 1915 Historical Marker Subject The topic of the resource lynching, Texas Rangers Civil rights Violence against--Mexicanos Description An account of the resource Photograph of the Mantanza 1915 marker erected 2014 by Texas Historical Commission. (Marker Number 18128.) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource James Hulse (2021) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=167028" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Historical Marker Database</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mapping RGV Civil Rights Subject The topic of the resource civil rights Texas--Rio Grande Valley Description An account of the resource Collection of items compiled for the RGV civil rights map Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906 August 13 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Cameron County, Texas Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource La Matanza Subject The topic of the resource Lynching Violence against--Mexicanos Texas Rangers Civil rights Description An account of the resource La Matanza, or The Massacre, refers to a period of sustained violence against ethnic Mexicans in Texas amid the Mexican Revolution (1910–1920). Mexicanos and Tejanos were systematically targeted and denied due process by the U.S. Army, Texas Rangers, and other vigilante groups in response to the so-called Bandit Wars along the U.S.-Mexico Border. Tensions reached their peak following the Plan de San Diego (1915), giving rise to a period of lynchings and massacres known as the Hora de Sangre. It is impossible to know how the number of victims, as people were disappeared, murders went undocumented, neighbors informed on one another, and families fled South to Mexico. However, the killing of at least 300 Mexican-Americans are documented during La Mantanza. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1915 Cameron County civil rights discrimination Hidalgo County lynching Mexican-American Texas Rangers violence https://omeka.utrgv.edu/files/original/fc860333ee8a90e0ff7586edf932295b.pdf 4069c115f27a45f2896078ecacb6201b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bazan and Longoria listed among people killed Subject The topic of the resource lynching, mantanza, Mexican Americans, ethic violence, Hidalgo County (Tex.) Description An account of the resource Second page of a four page document that includes listing provided by Frank Cushman Pierce (1858–1918) to the American Consulate in Matamoros of people who were killed in 1915. Among the list are the names of Jesus Bazán and Antonio Longoria. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource U.S. Consul (Matamoros, Mex.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Frank Pierce’s “Partial List of Mexicans Killed in the Valley Since July 1, 1915.” Records of the Department of State Relating to the Internal Affairs of Mexico, 1910-1929, National Archives, Microfilm Publication, M274, vol. 51, File No. 812/17186, image numbers 0172-0175. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1916 January 26 https://omeka.utrgv.edu/files/original/a53474b56a8b0faa07b4620f79c0dd4b.png 84a591d5455359c1c945df34a364cc75 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Photograph of Antonio Longoria Subject The topic of the resource mantanza, ethnic violence, Mexican Americans, lynching, Hidalgo Co. (Tex.) Description An account of the resource Portrait of Antonio Longoria in a suit and tie standing behind a rattan chair. A painted backdrop appears behind him. He was a respected member of the community and served as a county commissioner. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://refusingtoforget.org/historical-markers/jesus-bazan-and-antonio-longoria/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Refusing to Forget</a> https://omeka.utrgv.edu/files/original/90a4704d38ff193c0a0732c9b971862d.jpg a9959d4509f062d9a7de3f83674a4e4b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bazán and Longoria Murders Historical Marker Subject The topic of the resource lynching civil rights Violence against--Mexicanos Description An account of the resource Photograph of the Bazán and Longoria Murders historical marker Erected 2016 by Texas Historical Commission. (Marker Number 18584.) "On September 27, 1915, Jesus Bazán and his son-in-law, Antonio Longoria – both recognized Tejano community leaders and the latter a Hidalgo County commissioner – traveled to a local Texas Ranger camp on the Sam Lane ranch to report a horse robbery that occurred a few days prior at their ranch north of the Rio Grande in Hidalgo County. Although Bazán and Longoria should have had the law on their side, anti-Mexican violence in the region was persistent. After a seemingly uneventful conversation with Ranger Captain Henry Ransom, the two men left on horseback. When they were about 300 yards from the campsite, laborers on Sam Lane’s ranch witnessed Captain Ransom and two civilians climb into a Model T Ford and follow the men. One passenger reached outside a window and shot both men in the back. Bazán and Longoria fell from their horses and died on the side of the road. Unfazed by the shooting, it was reported that Captain Ransom returned to the campsite to take a nap, leaving the bodies to decompose. Several days later, a family friend and neighbor buried the men where they fell. Neither the Texas Rangers nor local law enforcement investigated, explained or reported the murders. In 1919, as a result of the Bazán and Longoria murders and many other incidents of violence against Mexican Americans, the Texas Legislature conducted a formal investigation into state and local law enforcement practices. Many law enforcement groups were reorganized as a result. Memories of the murders continue through oral tradition, reflecting this violent yet pivotal time in Texas history. (2016)" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource James Hulse (2021) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a href="https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=166335" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Historical Marker Database</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mapping RGV Civil Rights Subject The topic of the resource civil rights Texas--Rio Grande Valley Description An account of the resource Collection of items compiled for the RGV civil rights map Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906 August 13 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Cameron County, Texas Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jesus Bazán and Antonio Longoria Lynchings Subject The topic of the resource Lynching Law enforcement--Texas Rangers Violence against--Mexicanos Description An account of the resource Jesus Bazán and Antonio Longoria were two prominent Mexican-American residents of South Texas. In September 1915, armed robbers hijacked them for their horses their supplies. When the two men reported the incident to Texas Ranger Capt. Henry Lee Ransom on 27 September, he chased them down, shot and killed them both. Following the murders, Capt. Ransom would not allow the bodies to be removed for a proper funeral. In October, Bazan and Longoria were buried by their families where they lay, which is now the Bazan Ranch Cemetery (or Campo de las Flores) in Hidalgo County. Frank Cushman Pierce reported the incident to the US Secretary of State stating, "Jesus Basan [sic] brother-in-law [sic] of Antonio Longoria, killed near Del Fina or Delfina, Hidalgo County. Antonio Longoria near Delfina Hidalgo County between Delfina and Guadalupe." Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1915 September 27 civil rights lynching mantanza Mexican-American Texas Rangers violence